Mesa Verde National Park, located in Southwest Colorado, encompasses over 4,700 archaeological sites, including 600 remarkable cliff dwellings. For more than 700 years, from 550 BC to 1300 BC, the Ancestral Puebloans inhabited this region before mysteriously disappearing. In this exploration, learn about the history of these ancient people, their origins, lifestyles, and the artifacts they left behind. Delve into the unique cliff dwellings and discuss the theories surrounding their construction in such elevated locations. Ongoing research by scientists and archaeologists aims to uncover the reasons behind the Puebloans’ departure and the factors that influenced their way of life in this stunning landscape.
Part I. The ancient sites at Mesa Verde were discovered by ranchers searching for their stray cattle in 1889. This led to the arrival of a young Swedish explorer Gustaf Nordenskiöld in 1891, who conducted research and took over 600 artifacts back to Finland. A young Virginian woman, Lucy Peabody, emerged as a key figure in advocating for the protection of these cliff dwellings, successfully pressuring President Theodore Roosevelt to take action in protecting these sites. In this exploration, learn about the various stages of the Ancestral Puebloans who occupied the region, their achievements and struggles, and the significance of their artifacts. Additionally, participants will have the opportunity to handle two replica artifacts found in the cliff dwellings.
Part II. Mesa Verde’s cliff dwelling offer a captivating glimpse into ancient Puebloan life. Built between 1190 and 1300 CE, these structures range from small granaries to vast 150 room villages. Iconic sites include Cliff Palace, the largest in North America, and Balcony House, accessible by a 32-foot ladder. Long House features extensive public spaces, while Step House showcases two distinct occupations in one alcove. These dwellings, constructed with sandstone blocks and mud mortar, demonstrate ingenious building techniques and purposeful design. As you explore, you’ll uncover theories about why the Ancestral Puebloans chose these precarious locations, from defense to spiritual significance.
Part III. Discover the intriguing findings from the cliff’s dwellings, including evidence suggesting cannibalism due to the presence of bones in two sites. Explore theories surrounding the disappearance of the Ancestral Puebloans, examining factors such as climate change, resource scarcity, and social strife that may have contributed to their decline. Discover how scientific research continues to provide insight into these ancient peoples and their mysterious exodus.